References
References for the 2019 AAHA Canine Life Stage Guidelines .
References for the 2019 AAHA Canine Life Stage Guidelines .
Affiliations and contributing reviewers of the 2019 AAHA Canine Life stage Guidelines.
The American Animal Hospital Association's position regarding canine devocalization.
When it comes to dogs, the nose knows. That’s why, early on in the pandemic when COVID-19 tests were scarce and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was still tinkering with mask guidance amid a critical shortage of personal protective equipment, small groups of researchers around the world started searching for canine alternatives to traditional COVID-19 screening.
This executive summary provides selected highlights of the extensive information and recommendations in the 2021 AAHA Working, Assistance, and Therapy Dog Guidelines
Canine or feline sacrococcygeal or coccygeal epidural INDICATIONS: Canine and feline tail amputations, perineal urethrostomies, anal sacculectomies, catheterization for relief of urethral obstruction, perineal relaxation for delivery of puppies/kittens, and other surgeries of the penis or perineal region. INSTRUCTIONS: For either dogs or cats, use 0.1 mL/kg of either lidocaine, bupivacaine, mepivicaine, or ropivacaine. A dose of 0.1 mL/kg is usually sufficient but up to 0.2 mL/kg is reported. The average volume in a cat or small dog is 0.5 mL. To find the sacrococcygeal site, move the tail up and down in a “pumping” motion while palpating the sacrococcygeal region of the patient (1). The first movable space at the caudal end of the sacrum is either the sacrococcygeal or intercoccygeal space (2). Either site is appropriate for injection and there is no need to differentiate what site is being palpated. Insert a 25- or 22-gauge hypodermic needle through the skin ON MIDLINE at ~45° angle to the skin surface. Proceed slowly until the needle enters the space (3). If bone is encountered (it usually is), withdraw the needle a few millimeters, redirect slightly (steeper or flatter angle), and reinsert (“walking” off the bone). b. Repeat this process until the needle is inserted between the vertebrae to enter the intervertebral space. A “pop” may be felt and there should be no resistance to injection. † CONSIDERATIONS: (1) Pelvic limbmotor function is not blocked unless the volume of local anesthetic is large, causing cranial spread to the motor nerves of the pelvic limbs. Stay at or below the 0.2 mL/kg volume. (2) If tail/anus relaxation does not occur within 5 min (within 8–10 min with bupivacaine or ropivacaine), the injection may have been made subcutaneously. Try again!
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common disease encountered in canine and feline medicine. The 2018 AAHA Diabetes Management Guidelines for Dogs and Cats revise and update earlier guidelines published in 2010.
The 2017 AAHA Canine Vaccination Guidelines offers a range of recommendations that will aid veterinary teams in making rational decisions on vaccine selection for their individual patients.
Use this chart to determine which drug-class combinations may benefit your individual patients based on their health, demeanor, and the reason they require medication, including simply to calm their nerves.