A Watchful Eye: Recognizing Senior Pet Health Problems

Arthritis

Arthritis is an inflammatory joint condition that causes pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. It’s one of the most common chronic diseases in senior dogs and cats, occurring because of natural joint wear and tear. The smooth cartilage deteriorates and triggers a cascade of harmful changes in the joint, which causes discomfort and reduced mobility. Warning signs can be subtle, especially in cats. Monitor your pet for physical or behavior changes, such as:

• Difficulty rising or lying down
• Limping
• Restlessness
• Posture changes
• Reluctance to walk, play, jump, or use stairs
• Decreased grooming
• Increased irritability
• Hiding or avoiding physical interactions

Arthritis pain can be debilitating and progressive. Without treatment, arthritic pets can lose muscle mass and their stiffness and discomfort can worsen. Seek veterinary care if you notice changes in how your pet stands or moves.

Dental disease

Dental disease is a complex condition that leads to gingivitis (i.e., gum inflammation), tooth decay, and tooth and bone loss. This disease is especially common in older pets who haven’t received proper dental care. Warning signs are easy to identify and include:

• Bad breath
• Red or swollen gums
• Visible yellow or brown tartar
• Broken or damaged teeth
• Bleeding gums
• Difficulty eating

Postponing your pet’s dental care can have serious consequences, including chronic pain and organ damage. If your pet isn’t receiving routine dental care under anesthesia, schedule an exam and consultation with your AAHA-accredited veterinarian.

Kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease or renal insufficiency is the result when a pet’s kidneys no longer function properly. Because the kidneys are responsible for filtering blood, kidney disease can lead to a build-up of toxins and negatively affect your pet’s overall health. Chronic kidney disease is especially common in older pets, because aging kidneys become permanently damaged from long-term strain.

Monitor your senior pet for kidney disease warning signs, including:

• Increased thirst and urination
• Weight loss
• Decreased appetite
• Vomiting
• Bad breath

Fortunately, routine veterinary exams and blood work can detect kidney disease long before visible signs appear.

Heart disease

Heart disease is a catch-all term for various conditions affecting the heart’s ability to effectively pump blood. As pets age, their heart tissues may become less flexible or develop problems such as valve disease, and the resulting reduced circulation can deprive tissues of oxygen.

Early detection is key to managing heart disease and slowing its progression. Signs include:

• Persistent coughing
• Difficulty breathing, including at rest
• Fatigue
• Reluctance to exercise
• Swollen abdomen

If you notice any of these signs, immediately contact your AAHA-accredited veterinarian for a full exam and diagnostic assessment.

Obesity

Senior pets are generally less active than their younger counterparts and therefore have lower caloric needs. Unfortunately, many owners forget to adjust their pet’s food portion. This, along with other factors, such as feeding table scraps, boredom-based eating, and free feeding, can lead to weight gain.

Recognizing obesity begins with learning your pet’s ideal weight and body condition. Regular weigh-ins and hands-on assessments can help you recognize early weight gain and make timely changes before your pet’s condition worsens.

Early detection is key

The best way to support your senior pet’s health is through early disease detection and intervention. And, the best way to do that is with regular veterinary wellness exams. Semi-annual visits with your AAHA-accredited veterinarian, along with appropriate age-related testing, are crucial for catching and managing these common conditions long before visible signs appear.

By paying close attention to your senior pet’s behavior and health and staying dedicated to their increasing veterinary care needs, your best friend can enjoy many healthy, happy years by your side.